Otitis Media ICD-10-CM Codes

Otitis media is most commonly caused by a viral or bacterial infection that leads to fluid accumulation and inflammation in the middle ear. Contributing factors include upper respiratory tract infections, eustachian tube dysfunction, and environmental exposures such as tobacco smoke, tobacco dependence, or occupational exposure to irritants. These conditions can impair normal ear drainage, especially in children, increasing the risk of infection. Though it affects the middle ear, otitis media may also be associated with conditions involving the external ear or result from broader diseases classified elsewhere.

Treatment depends on the specific type and severity. Acute otitis media may resolve without intervention or be treated with antibiotics to manage bacterial infection. Persistent or chronic otitis media, including serous otitis media, may require medical and surgical management such as tympanostomy tubes or nasal decongestants. If there is a tympanic membrane attic perforation, treatment may include surgical repair to prevent further complications and restore hearing.

Yes, otitis media can lead to temporary hearing loss due to fluid buildup or perforation of the tympanic membrane. In more severe or recurrent cases, particularly those with chronic inflammation or attic perforation, there may be permanent conductive hearing loss due to damage to the ossicles or other middle ear structures. Identifying and managing risk factors like tobacco smoke exposure and related diseases classified elsewhere is crucial for prevention.